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《出埃及记》第31章-比撒列和亚何利亚伯蒙召

A. 比撒列和亚何利亚伯的独特恩赐。

1. (1-6)比撒列和亚何利亚伯蒙召。

耶和华晓谕摩西说:“看哪,犹大支派中户珥的孙子、乌利的儿子比撒列,我已经提他的名召他。我也以我的灵充满了他,使他有智慧,有聪明,有知识,能做各样的工,能想出巧工,用金、银、铜制造各物,又能刻宝石,可以镶嵌,能雕刻木头,能做各样的工。我分派但支派中亚希撒抹的儿子亚何利亚伯与他同工。凡心里有智慧的,我更使他们有智慧,能做我一切所吩咐的,

a. 看哪,犹大支派中户珥的孙子、乌利的儿子比撒列,我已经提他的名召他:就像神曾明确表示拣选摩西和亚伦,祂也明确表示拣选这些能工巧匠来事奉祂。

b. 我也以我的灵充满了他,使他有智慧,有聪明,有知识,能做各样的工:神超自然地赋予比撒列能力,使他能够担当起建造帐幕的工作。在神看来,这项工作与摩西和亚伦所做的工作一样属灵,同样需要倚靠圣灵的能力。

i. 这种神所赋予的能力并非仅局限于比撒列一人:凡心里有智慧的,我更使他们有智慧。神希望每一个出力的工人都能蒙受祝福,得到圣灵的装备和提升。

ii. 然而,他们被圣灵充满不是要为他们自己做工,而是要为耶和华神做工:能做我一切所吩咐的。神所赐予的能力不是用来满足我们自己的肉体。无论做什么,都要从心里做,像是给主做的,不是给人做的(西3:23)。

2.(7-11)建造会幕所需制作的器具和物件清单。

就是会幕和法柜,并其上的施恩座,与会幕中一切的器具;桌子和桌子的器具,精金的灯台和灯台的一切器具并香坛;燔祭坛和坛的一切器具,并洗濯盆与盆座;精工做的礼服,和祭司亚伦并他儿子用以供祭司职分的圣衣;膏油和为圣所用馨香的香料。他们都要照我一切所吩咐的去做。”

a. 就是会幕和法柜,并其上的施恩座:列出这份清单似乎是因为神希望他们的工作有条理,留意到每一个细节,无所遗漏。

b. 他们都要照我一切所吩咐的去做:这提醒我们,神希望帐幕和其中的器具按照特定的样式建造或制作。之所以定下这种样式,用意是要藉地上的帐幕具体展示天堂实体的样式。

B. 安息日。

1.(12-17)要守安息日的诫命。

耶和华晓谕摩西说:“你要吩咐以色列人说:‘你们务要守我的安息日,因为这是你我之间世世代代的证据,使你们知道我耶和华是叫你们成为圣的。所以你们要守安息日,以为圣日。凡干犯这日的,必要把他治死;凡在这日做工的,必从民中剪除。六日要做工,但第七日是安息圣日,是向耶和华守为圣的;凡在安息日做工的,必要把他治死。’ 故此,以色列人要世世代代守安息日为永远的约。这是我和以色列人永远的证据,因为六日之内耶和华造天地,第七日便安息舒畅。”

a. 你们务要守我的安息日:这条命令出现在所有建造帐幕命令的末尾,这样安排具有一定的策略性。虽然神将建造帐幕的工作交付以色列人,却不愿他们在安息日做这工作。人们必须重视、遵守神的安息。

b. 这是我和以色列人永远的证据:虽然在新约之下我们不受安息日的约束(罗14:5;西2:16-17),但这个原则仍然重要。我们绝不可因为自己在为神做工就一叶蔽目,忽视我们在耶稣里的安息,也就是耶稣已完成的工作带给我们的安息。当神的工人疲于奔命,累得精疲力竭时,他们几乎总是把他们为神所做的工作看得比神为他们所做的工作更重要。

i. 耶稣为我们所做的以及我们为祂所做的二者之间的差异就如日月之不同,太阳之宏大与月亮之渺小,悬殊大到令人难以置信。然而,如果月亮正好处于正确(或者说错误)的位置上,月亮就有可能挡住太阳,造成日食。一些基督徒经常生活在“日全食”的状态中,觉得他们为耶稣所做的似乎远比耶稣为他们所做的更加重要。

2.(18)神将用祂指头所写的石版交给摩西。

耶和华在西奈山和摩西说完了话,就把两块法版交给他,是神用指头写的石版。

a. 是神用指头写的石版:英语里有句谚语叫“写在石头上”,用来形容亘古不变之事;反之,反覆易变之事,则是“没有写在石头上”。而这些诫命已被“写在石头上”。

b. 两块法版:这些石版放在法柜里,法柜又被称为约柜。这两块石版被放在约柜里,后来又与亚伦发芽的杖和一坛吗哪,一起放在约柜里。

© 2023 The Enduring Word Bible Commentary by David Guzik – [email protected]

 

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