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  • 历代志上第
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历代志上第24章-祭司职任的班次

A. 祭司职任的二十四个班次。

1.(1-6)亚伦的子孙及其现状。

亚伦子孙的班次记在下面:亚伦的儿子是拿答、亚比户、以利亚撒、以他玛。拿答、亚比户死在他们父亲之先,没有留下儿子,故此,以利亚撒、以他玛供祭司的职分。以利亚撒的子孙撒督和以他玛的子孙亚希米勒,同着大卫将他们的族弟兄分成班次。以利亚撒子孙中为首的比以他玛子孙中为首的更多。分班如下:以利亚撒的子孙中有十六个族长,以他玛的子孙中有八个族长,都掣签分立,彼此一样。在圣所和神面前作首领的有以利亚撒的子孙,也有以他玛的子孙。作书记的利未人拿坦业的儿子示玛雅在王和首领,与祭司撒督、亚比亚他的儿子亚希米勒,并祭司利未人的族长面前,记录他们的名字。在以利亚撒的子孙中取一族,在以他玛的子孙中取一族。

a. 拿答、亚比户死在他们父亲之先:神审判拿答和亚比户,因为他们竟敢在耶和华神面前献上“凡火”,亵渎了神关于献祭的诫命(利未记10:1-2)。

b. 将他们的族弟兄分成班次:大卫和撒督一起,将亚伦的子孙 —— 以色列的祭司家族分成二十四个班次,要按照任务分成班次来服事神。

i.“这项服务强调了两个方面 —— 要按二十四班次的有序体系进行管理(1 -19节),并且它为祭司的利未助手们提供了一个可遵循的模式(20-31 节)。”(塞尔曼,Selman)

2.(7-19)祭司掣签分成二十四个班次。

掣签的时候,第一掣出来的是耶何雅立,第二是耶大雅,第三是哈琳,第四是梭琳,第五是玛基雅,第六是米雅民,第七是哈歌斯,第八是亚比雅,第九是耶书亚,第十是示迦尼,第十一是以利亚实,第十二是雅金,第十三是胡巴,第十四是耶是比押,第十五是璧迦,第十六是音麦,第十七是希悉,第十八是哈辟悉,第十九是毗他希雅,第二十是以西结,第二十一是雅斤,第二十二是迦末,第二十三是第来雅,第二十四是玛西亚。这就是他们的班次,要照耶和华以色列的神藉他们祖宗亚伦所吩咐的条例,进入耶和华的殿办理事务。

a. 这就是他们的班次……进入耶和华的殿办理事务:大卫知道,到此时亚伦的后裔众多,所以祭司应被分开,以便能公平地分配在圣殿中享有尊荣的服侍。

i.“在后来的犹太习俗中,二十四班次是基于一个四十八周的犹太历,每个班次每次服务一周,因此一年服务两次。”(塞尔曼,Selman)

ii.“随着时间的推移,一些大卫时期的班次消失了,或者不得不与其他班次合并,新的班次则形成取代了它们。公元前 527 年第一次从被掳之地归回时,只记录了四个班次……到公元前 520年,二十二个班次又开始运作(尼希米记12:1-7),但其中只有一半是最初由大卫组织的班次。”(佩恩,Payne)

B. 利未其余的子孙。

1.(20-30)利未其余子孙的名单。

利未其余的子孙如下:暗兰的子孙里有书巴业,书巴业的子孙里有耶希底亚,利哈比雅的子孙里有长子伊示雅,以斯哈的子孙里有示罗摩,示罗摩的子孙里有雅哈,希伯伦的子孙里有长子耶利雅、次子亚玛利亚、三子雅哈悉、四子耶加面,乌薛的子孙里有米迦,米迦的子孙里有沙密。米迦的兄弟是伊示雅,伊示雅的子孙里有撒迦利雅。米拉利的儿子是抹利、母示、雅西雅;雅西雅的儿子有比挪。米拉利的子孙里有雅西雅的儿子比挪、朔含、撒刻、伊比利。抹利的儿子是以利亚撒;以利亚撒没有儿子。基士的子孙里有耶拉篾。母示的儿子是末力、以得、耶利摩。按着宗族这都是利未的子孙。

a. 利未其余的子孙如下:这些是哥辖儿子暗兰的后代,但这些人不是摩西和亚伦家族的人(出6:18-27)。

2.(31)他们怎样掣签。

他们在大卫王和撒督,并亚希米勒与祭司利未人的族长面前掣签,正如他们弟兄亚伦的子孙一般。各族的长者与兄弟没有分别。

a. 他们……掣签,正如他们弟兄亚伦的子孙一般:这些人是哥辖宗族其余的后裔,他们按照各自的任务分成不同班次,采用了与祭司一样的模式。

b. 各族的长者与兄弟没有分别(注:新钦定本“各族的长者与年轻的兄弟都一样抽签”):“长者的签和年轻人的签都混在一起,先后次序由抽签结果来决定,与年龄、尊卑或人数、家族完全无关。若抽签结果是第一,最年轻的家族也可以第一个当班。”(普尔,Poole)

i.“将年长的和年轻的人混在一起,这是一种巧妙的安排,这样在这个最崇高、最圣洁的国民服事中,自然激发出一种活力,既有年长者的经验,也混合着年轻人的热情。”(摩根,Morgan)

©1996–present The Enduring Word Bible Commentary by David Guzik 

 

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