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  • 历代志上第
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历代志上第25章-圣殿中的乐师

A. 圣殿里的乐师。

1.(1)被选出来供职的乐师。

大卫和众首领分派亚萨、希幔并耶杜顿的子孙弹琴、鼓瑟、敲钹、唱歌(注:原文作“说预言”。本章同)。他们供职的人数记在下面:

a. 大卫和众首领(注:新钦定本“大卫和军队的领袖”):有趣的是,军队的领袖也参与了乐师或“敬拜领袖”的工作。大卫觉察到国度的安全保障与敬拜神、尊荣神之间存在联系。

i.“第25章以大卫组织的四千利未乐师为中心(历代志上23:5),他们被分成不同的班次,与祭司和圣殿利未人的班次对应(第24章)。”(佩恩,Payne)

ii.“大卫确实高度重视他手下军队将领的意见(历代志上11:10;历代志上12:32;历代志上28:1),即使是在礼仪事务方面(比较历代志上13:1和15:25)。”(佩恩,Payne)

b. 弹琴、鼓瑟、敲钹、唱歌(注:原文作“说预言”。本章同)(注:钦定本圣经、新钦定本圣经都翻译成“说预言”):从受神启示这个意义上来说,他们的侍奉与预言的推动力息息相关。他们在音乐方面的事工不仅仅是良好音乐技艺的产物,也是圣灵通过他们所施展的恩赐。

i.“经文三次用引人注目的词‘说预言’来描述赞美的工作;此处使用这个词揭示了在神圣殿中音乐侍奉的真正价值。”(摩根,Morgan)

ii.“他们或者以典型预言的形式,提供直接从神而来的信息,在这方面,利未人亚哈悉(历代志下20:14-17)是一个明显的例子;或者他们的赞美本身就被看作是‘预言’,因为这些赞美带着神的权柄,宣告神的话语。”(塞尔曼,Selman)

2.(2-6)亚萨、耶杜顿和希幔的子孙。

亚萨的儿子撒刻、约瑟、尼探雅、亚萨利拉都归亚萨指教,遵王的旨意唱歌。耶杜顿的儿子基大利、西利、耶筛亚、哈沙比雅、玛他提雅、示每,共六人,都归他们父亲耶杜顿指教,弹琴、唱歌、称谢颂赞耶和华。希幔的儿子布基雅、玛探雅、乌薛、细布业、耶利摩、哈拿尼雅、哈拿尼、以利亚他、基大利提、罗幔提以谢、约施比加沙、玛罗提、何提、玛哈秀,这都是希幔的儿子,吹角颂赞。希幔奉神之命作王的先见。神赐给希幔十四个儿子、三个女儿,都归他们父亲指教,在耶和华的殿唱歌、敲钹、弹琴、鼓瑟,办神殿的事务。亚萨、耶杜顿、希幔都是王所命定的。

a. 亚萨……遵王的旨意唱歌:诗篇中有十二篇诗歌算为亚萨的诗(诗篇篇第50篇和诗篇73-83篇)。

b. 耶杜顿……弹琴、唱歌、称谢颂赞耶和华(注:钦定本圣经、新钦定本“耶杜顿用琴说预言,称谢和赞美耶和华”):耶杜顿的音乐服事受到神的灵极大地感动启发,甚至可以说他用琴说预言。

c. 希幔……作王的先见:“他被称作‘王的先见’,要么是因为王特别喜悦他,要么是因为他常在宫中侍奉王,在那里履行他神圣的职责,而其余的人则一直在会幕中供职。”(普尔,Poole)

d. 亚萨、耶杜顿、希幔都是王所命定的:这些极具天赋又被圣灵膏抹的人,知道谦卑自己,降服于大卫的领导,服在王的权柄之下(注:新钦定本“服在王的权柄之下”)。

i. 我们注意到希幔的儿子的显著位置,而且这些儿子都归他们父亲指教,在耶和华的殿唱歌。“人们是多么希望看见希幔带着他的孩子步入圣殿!他们之所以如此,要归功于希幔和他们的母亲。”(梅尔,Meyer)

ii. 归他们父亲指教:“希幔的孩子‘归他们父亲指教’。年轻人绝不可指手划脚,爬到长辈头上耀武扬威。”(梅尔,Meyer)

iii. 。然而,我们还看出在那些服在王的权柄之下(注:新钦定本“服在王的权柄之下”)的人当中,就有希幔。“但你若想要成为一个好的管理者,你自己就必须顺服。亚萨、希幔和耶杜顿,都服在王的权柄之下。一个自己服从权柄的人,可以这样说,‘去,做那事;或者来,做这事。’他心中镇定,深信别人必服从他。”(梅尔,Meyer)

B. 服事班次的掣签结果。

1.(7-8)熟练乐师的人数。

他们和他们的弟兄学习颂赞耶和华,善于歌唱的,共有二百八十八人。这些人无论大小,为师的为徒的,都一同掣签分了班次。

a. 这些人无论大小,为师的为徒的,都一同掣签分了班次:大卫没有将敬拜的机会只分派给最有天赋、最杰出的人。他让神来选择。这样做,既可以防止大的和为师的人变得骄傲起来,又给了小的和为徒的人学习成长的机会。

2.(9-31)乐师的班次。

掣签的时候,第一掣出来的是亚萨的儿子约瑟。第二是基大利,他和他弟兄并儿子共十二人。第三是撒刻,他和他儿子并弟兄共十二人。第四是伊洗利,他和他儿子并弟兄共十二人。第五是尼探雅,他和他儿子并弟兄共十二人。第六是布基雅,他和他儿子并弟兄共十二人。第七是耶萨利拉,他和他儿子并弟兄共十二人。第八是耶筛亚,他和他儿子并弟兄共十二人。第九是玛探雅,他和他儿子并弟兄共十二人。第十是示每,他和他儿子并弟兄共十二人。第十一是亚萨烈,他和他儿子并弟兄共十二人。第十二是哈沙比雅,他和他儿子并弟兄共十二人。第十三是书巴业,他和他儿子并弟兄共十二人。第十四是玛他提雅,他和他儿子并弟兄共十二人。第十五是耶利摩,他和他儿子并弟兄共十二人。第十六是哈拿尼雅,他和他儿子并弟兄共十二人。第十七是约施比加沙,他和他儿子并弟兄共十二人。第十八是哈拿尼,他和他儿子并弟兄共十二人。第十九是玛罗提,他和他儿子并弟兄共十二人。第二十是以利亚他,他和他儿子并弟兄共十二人。第二十一是何提,他和他儿子并弟兄共十二人。第二十二是基大利提,他和他儿子并弟兄共十二人。第二十三是玛哈秀,他和他儿子并弟兄共十二人。第二十四是罗幔提以谢,他和他儿子并弟兄共十二人。

©1996–present The Enduring Word Bible Commentary by David Guzik 

 

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