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  • 历代志上第
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历代志上第3章-大卫的王室谱系和耶西的家谱

A. 大卫的后裔。

1.(1-3)大卫的妻儿。

大卫在希伯仑所生的儿子记在下面。长子暗嫩是耶斯列人亚希暖生的,次子但以利是迦密人亚比该生的,三子押沙龙是基述王达买的女儿玛迦生的,四子亚多尼雅是哈及生的,五子示法提雅是亚比她生的,六子以特念是大卫的妻以格拉生的。

a. 大卫……所生的儿子:大卫有多个妻子,本章列出了七个妻子的名字;耶斯列人亚希暖、迦密人亚比该、玛迦、哈及、亚比她、以格拉,以及拔书亚(历代志上3:5)。此外,大卫还有许多妃嫔(撒母耳记下5:13)。

i. 但以利:“在撒母耳记下3:3里,这个人被称作‘基利押’;可能他有两个名字。犹太塔古姆(犹太圣经亚兰文译本)(Jewish Targum)认为,‘第二个儿子但以利,也叫作基利押,因为他从各个方面来说,都与他的父亲非常像。’(Targum)”(克拉克,Clarke)

b. 以格拉:大多数人猜测这是扫罗女儿米甲的别名。

2.(4-9)大卫在耶路撒冷所生的儿子。

这六人都是大卫在希伯仑生的。大卫在希伯仑作王七年零六个月,在耶路撒冷作王三十三年。大卫在耶路撒冷所生的儿子是示米亚、朔罢、拿单、所罗门,这四人是亚米利的女儿拔书亚生的;还有益辖、以利沙玛、以利法列、挪迦、尼斐、雅非亚、以利沙玛、以利雅大、以利法列,共九人。这都是大卫的儿子,还有他们的妹子她玛,妃嫔的儿子不在其内。

a. 大卫……在耶路撒冷作王三十三年:大卫的统治可以划分为两个时期;定都耶路撒冷之前与定都耶路撒冷之后。

b. 拔书亚:大多数人推测这是拔示巴的另一个名字。

i.“尽管经文出人意料地形容所罗门是她的第四个儿子(参见撒母耳记下12:24-25);但‘拔书亚’可能就是‘拔示巴’的另外一种发音,这也许这是受历代志上2:3的影响。”(塞尔曼,Selman)

B. 大卫之后的犹大王室谱系。

1.(10-16)从大卫开始直至北国犹大被掳时期的家谱。

所罗门的儿子是罗波安,罗波安的儿子是亚比雅,亚比雅的儿子是亚撒,亚撒的儿子是约沙法,约沙法的儿子是约兰,约兰的儿子是亚哈谢,亚哈谢的儿子是约阿施,约阿施的儿子是亚玛谢,亚玛谢的儿子是亚撒利雅,亚撒利雅的儿子是约坦,约坦的儿子是亚哈斯,亚哈斯的儿子是希西家,希西家的儿子是玛拿西,玛拿西的儿子是亚们,亚们的儿子是约西亚。约西亚的长子是约哈难,次子是约雅敬,三子是西底家,四子是沙龙。约雅敬的儿子是耶哥尼雅和西底家。

a. 所罗门的儿子是罗波安:这部分内容追溯了从所罗门到被掳之后这期间大卫的谱系,而历代志似乎就是在被掳之后写成的。

i.“大卫王朝的所有君王都名列在此,只有亚哈的女儿亚她利雅(参见列王记下第11章)不在其中。”(塞尔曼,Selman)

ii.“约西亚的长子约哈难,除了此处,再无别的经文提到他,可能他很早就过世了。”(佩恩,Payne)

iii. 关于沙龙、约雅敬和西底家,塞尔曼(Selman)的看法是:“在列王记下23:31、36和24:18中,提到了他们的年龄;然而这里的信息与列王记下中的记载不一致,不难推测,关于这些年龄数字,存在一些抄写错误。”

2.(17-24)犹大被掳之后的大卫谱系。

耶哥尼雅被掳,他的儿子是撒拉铁、玛基兰、毗大雅、示拿萨、耶加米、何沙玛、尼大比雅。毗大雅的儿子是所罗巴伯、示每。所罗巴伯的儿子是米书兰、哈拿尼雅,他们的妹子名叫示罗密。米书兰的儿子是哈舒巴、阿黑、比利家、哈撒底、于沙希悉,共五人。哈拿尼雅的儿子是毗拉提、耶筛亚,还有利法雅的众子、亚珥难的众子、俄巴底亚的众子、示迦尼的众子;示迦尼的儿子是示玛雅,示玛雅的儿子是哈突、以甲、巴利亚、尼利雅、沙法,共六人。尼利雅的儿子是以利约乃、希西家、亚斯利干,共三人。以利约乃的儿子是何大雅、以利亚实、毗莱雅、阿谷、约哈难、第莱雅、阿拿尼,共七人。

a. 耶哥尼雅……的儿子是:这些是犹大灭亡后大卫家族所生的后裔,他们延续着大卫的王室血脉。

i.“耶利米曾说(耶22:24-30),耶哥尼雅,或者如耶利米所叫的‘哥尼雅’,必算为无子;但这应当是指他的子孙后代被剥夺王权,与王位无分。先知自己确实也是这样解释的:因为他后裔中再无一人得亨通,能坐在大卫的宝座上治理犹大。”(克拉克,Clarke)

ii.“通过这众多大多不为人知的名字,历代志的作者指出,尽管犹大历史充满波折(例如历代志上 2:3、7),且经历了被掳(例如历代志上3:17-24),但神的拣选旨意仍在运行。”(塞尔曼,Selman)

©1996–present The Enduring Word Bible Commentary by David Guzik 

 

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